Panda Mahjong guide teaching in a warm American Mahjong room

American Mahjong

The Charleston:
a beginner’s visual guide

Understand the passing sequence and make your first decisions with confidence.

7 min readBeginnerCurrent rules overview

Begin with the diagram

Step 1

See the whole passing sequence

The Charleston is the opening ritual in American Mahjong. Before regular play begins, players pass three tiles at a time in a set sequence. It gives everyone a chance to improve the shape of a starting rack.

For a beginner, the important first step is simply learning the direction: right, across, then left. Everyone at the table follows the same direction at the same time.

Charleston

The opening rounds of passing tiles at the beginning of an American Mahjong hand.

American Mahjong table diagram showing the Charleston sequence: right, across, then left
Panda guide holding a pointer

Remember it as R-A-L:
right, across, left.

Quick check

Put the passes in order

Move the three labels into the sequence you just learned.

1Left pass
2Right pass
3Across pass

Next lesson

What should you pass?

Learn how flexible tiles, pairs, and early patterns influence your first decision.

Practice a sample rack